Surgical outcome of conjunctival rotational autograft-mitomycin C (MMC) versus free conjunctival autograft-MMC for pterygium removal: A randomized clinical trial

Background Pterygium is a common degenerative eye disease. Despite various surgical methods to treat pterygium, recurrence is the main complication. The main issue is finding a surgical method with the lowest recurrence. Objective to compare the complications, recurrence rate and the cosmetic effects of two surgical techniques, namely conjunctival rotation autograft (CRA) and conjunctival autograft (CA), in treating pterygium. Methods This randomized clinical trial was conducted at Khalili Hospital in Shiraz, Iran, from January to August 2015. Forty-five eyes from 45 patients were studied. The patients were randomly divided into two groups using the blocking method. The patients of one group were operated on by the CRA technique, while the other group was operated on by the CA method. The patients were checked for the recurrence of pterygium, and other complications at the end of the first, third, and sixth month. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results The mean age of the patients was 42.5 years. The recurrence of pterygium was not observed in any of the patients 6 months after the surgery. Following 6 months after the operation, graft retraction occurred during the first week for one patient (4.5%) in the CA group, and five patients (21.7%) in the CRA group. The prevalence rate of graft injection among the patients of the CA and CRA groups 6 months after the operation was 9.1% and 65.2%, respectively. There was a significant correlation between injection intensity and the dissatisfaction of the patients with the operation's outcome (p=0.017). Conclusion CRA with mitomycin is considered as an effective method to reduce the recurrence of pterygium after operation. This technique can be used as an acceptable method for pterygium operation, especially for patients with insufficient conjunctiva. Clinical trial registration The trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://www.irct.ir) with the Irct ID: IRCT2016092119581N2. Funding The study was financially supported by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS) (grants No. 8901).